Self Test #19 - Freudian & Humanistic Theories

Note: These questions are part of a larger data base of questions on Module 19 & are 
selected to represent the type of question you should expect on unit exam five. You 
can, in fact, expect to see many of these very same questions on that exam. Exam 
questions, however, may deal with topics not covered in the self tests or in lectures 
but are disucssed in your textbook. You are responsible for the content of your text 
book plus the content of lectures, interactive activities, & material on the web site.

Use these sample questions to test yourself & to practice for the test. 

1. What is defined as the combination of lasting & distinctive behaviors, thoughts, 
& emotions that typlify how we react and adapt to other people & situations?

 Personality
 Egocentrism
 Factor analysis
 Cognitive compliance

2. Freud’s psychodynamic approach to personality emphasizes which 
of the following?

 self-actualization & personal freedom
 cognitive appraisals of one’s environment
 the measurement of traits &their stability
 conscious thoughts, unconscious forces, & unconscious motivation

3. Free association, dream interpretation, & Freudian slips are:

 techniques to discover the conscious
 techniques to discover the unconscious
 techniques to discover the extent of self-actualization
 examples of how real self & ideal self conflict with each other

4. The three divisions of the mind according to Freud’s theory are:

 id, ego, and superego
 inner, peripheral, and outer
 id, regulator, and conscious
 pleasurer, governor, and regulator

5. Id is to ego as:

 need is to drive
 self is to other
 pleasure is to reality
 trend is to desire

6. Which defense mechanism uses acceptable excuses for 
behaviors which cause us to feel anxiety?

 denial
 repression
 rationalization
 reaction formation
 projection
 displacement
 sublimation

7. Fixation occurs:

 primarily in first-born children
 in Freud's oral, anal, or phallic stages
 primarily in males growing up in single-parent households
 when the ego realizes the defense mechanism is having little effect

8. Which of the following is a major event that occurs during 
the phallic stage?

 teething
 toilet training
 first crush on the opposite sex
 development of the Oedipus complex

9. Who is not considered one of Freud’s former followers?

 Carl Jung
 Alfred Adler
 Carl Rogers
 Karen Horney

10. Freud’s ideas such as id, ego, superego, repression, & unconscious forces:

 have been proved in several studies
 were actually developed by Carl Jung
 are very difficult to demonstrate experimentally or verify
 are assumed to be incorrect by most psychoanalytical theorists

11. Cognitive neuroscientists have developed the concept of __________ to 
take the place of Freud’s theory of repressed unconscious forces.

 conscious thoughts
 the collective unconscious
 implicit or nondeclarative memory
 the phenomenological perspective

12. Which approach to personality stresses the achievement of human 
potential and personal growth?

 trait
 humanistic
 psychodynamic
 social-cognitive

13. The phenomenological perspective proposes that:

 our perceptions of the world become our reality
 defense mechanisms are helpful in denying reality
 reality is determined by our unconscious conflicts
 we base our reality on what we observe in our environment

14. “You are who you are because of your motivation, faith, intelligence, 
optimism, cheerfulness.” This is a good example of:

 locus of control
 the holistic view
 self-actualization
 the reality principle

15. By self-actualization, Maslow meant:

 fulfillment of our unique potential
 having our deficiency needs satisfied
 gaining recognition and status in society
 being loved and loving someone in return

16. In Carl Rogers’ humanistic theory, he emphasizes two assumptions. 
These assumptions are:

 real self and ideal self
 achievement and recognition
 need for locus of control and conscious motivation
 self-actualizing tendency and personal need for positive regard

17. According to Carl Rogers, contradictions between _______ and 
______ may result in personality problems.

 the real self; the ideal self
 deficiency needs; growth needs
 unconscious forces; conscious forces
 internal locus of control; external locus of control

18. In what way do the humanistic theories of personality differ from 
almost every other theory?

 - People are motivated to get as much pleasure as they possibly can.
 - The humanistic theories believe that people are basically bad.
 - The humanistic theories believe that people are basically good.
 - The humanistic theories believe that people are governed by their 
    unconscious mind.

19. Positive regard that is given because the person is valued as a 
human being is called:

 cognition
 parental blindness
 conditional positive regard
 unconditional positive regard

20. Rorshach is to TAT as _____ is to ______.

 Freud; Skinner
 inkblots; pictures
 unconscious; conscious
 neurological; psychological

21. The humanistic viewpoint emphasizes

 Natural selection & practical skills.
 Free will, self-image, & self-actualization.
 Determinism, the unconscious, & self-actualization.
 The idea that "the environment is the key causal matrix."

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                            Topics in Psychology
                               Robert C. Gates