Practice test #16 - Adolescence: Psychosocial Development
1. One of the first steps in self-definition involves
setting a career goal.
finding a sexual partner.
consistency among emotions, thoughts, & actions.
separating from parents emotionally & physically.
2. According to Erikson, adolescence is the stage of
intimacy versus isolation.
integration versus separation.
identity versus role confusion.
independence versus neediness.
3. Identity foreclosure is
refusing to vote.
joining a religious cult.
dropping out of school.
choosing a career path different from that urged by parents & counselors.
4. Negative identity can lead a teen to
experiment with a variety of roles.
take a role that is the opposite of social expectations.
accept their culture's goals without self-examination.
have few commitments to goals or values and little motivation.
5. Identity diffusion is often characterized by
apathy,
foreclosure.
delinquency.
rejection of social values.
6. One way to legitimatize a moratorium is to
have a baby.
get married.
smoke marijuana.
join the Air Force.
7. Ed tends to be sexist, racist, & homophobic. He has a strong sense of ethnic identity; his identity status
is most likely
in a moratorium.
one of achievement.
in foreclosure.
subject to diffusion.
8. A typical sequence of identity status is
diffusion, moratorium, achievement.
diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium.
moratorium, foreclosure, achievement.
negative, moratorium, foreclosure.
9. Achieving an identity
can take ten years or more.
usually take three or four years.
is often preceded by a mental breakdown.
seems more difficult for boys than girls.
10. Which of the following alternate identity statuses has the highest levelof self-esteem associated with it?
negative
diffusion
foreclosure
moratorium
11. Identity is easiest to achieve in a society that
agrees on basic values, and social change is rapid.
agrees on basic values and social change is slow.
disagrees on basic values, and social change is rapid.
disagrees on basic values, and social change is slow.
12. In most modern & postindustrial societies, cultural consensus
is common. but continuity is rare.
is rare, but continuity typically exists.
and continuity are common.
and continuity are rare.
13. That parents want continuity of their values & adolescents want independence reflects
the family stake.
the generational stake.
a generation gap.
intergenerational strife.
14. Parents are most likely to bicker with
older adolescents.
late maturing adolescents
girls rather than boys.
the latter born rather than the firstborn.
15. What doesn't the peer group become for normal adolescents?
a self-help group.
a substitute family.
a sounding board for value definition.
a mirror in which they can check own progress.
16. Peer Pressure
always involves negative activities.
means wanting to conform to your friends.
increases throughout adolescence.
has no effect on adults.
17. Any deliberate act of self-destruction that does not result
in death is called
attempted suicide.
suicide ideation.
parasuicide.
premeditated suicide.
18. Which of the following about adolescent suicide is true?
the rate is triple what it was in 1960.
the rate is twice that of adults.
almost all teens who seriously consider suicide attempt it.
the present rate is about 1 in 500 yearly.
19. Regarding juvenile arrest rates
- boys are twice as likely to be arrested as girls.
- delinquency increases throughout the teen years.
- most adolescents admit to breaking a law for which they could have been arrested.
- African-American youth are arrested seven times as often as European-Americans
20. In examining victimization, it was found that
adults are more likely than adolescents to be victims.
most victims of adolescent crime are adolescents.
children are more likely to be victims than adolescents.
few adolescents are aggressors or victims of crime.
21. Which of the following is not one of the common types of "false selves"?
pleasing false self
religious false self
acceptable false self
experimental false self
22. Of Erikson's four identity statuses, which of the following is characterized by not questioning & high commitment?
diffusion
foreclosure
moratorium
achievement
23. Individuals with which of the following identity status or statuses are considered to have an identity?
achievement only
achievement & foreclosure
achievement & moratorium
achievement, foreclosure, & moratorium
24. Which of the following about the prevalence of internalizing problems and externalizing problems among adolescent
males & females is a true statement?
- Internalizing problems are more common among males, & externalizing
problems are more common among females.
- Both internalizing problems & externalizing problems are more common
among males than among females.
- Internalizing problems are more common among females, & externalizing
problems are more common among males.
- Both internalizing problems & externalizing problems are more common
among males than among females.
25. Suicidal ideation refers to:
- thinking about suicide
- feelings of sadness or hopelessness.
- a deliberate act of self-destruction that does not end in death.
- the belief that suicide is an effective way of getting back at one's
parents or peers.
26. How would Anna Freud describe adolescent rebellion & defiance?
They are normal.
They are problematic.
They signify developmental delay.
They are evidence of being stuck in the latency period.
27. Arrest statistics do not accurately reflect the prevalence of adolescent delinquency because:
police exaggerate juvenile crimes.
older criminals lie about their age.
many offenses never come to police attention.
more juvenile offenses lead to arrest than do adult crimes.
28. That parents want adolescents to be loyal to the family & that adolescents want to become independent reflects:
the family stake.
a generation gap.
generational stake.
intergenerational strife.
29. Which of the following is the general pattern of heterosexual attraction?
- small mixed-sex group, pairing off of couples, loose association of boys'
& girls' same-sex groups
- loose association of boys' & girls' same-sex groups, pairing off of couples,
small mixed-sex group
- loose association of boys' & girls' same-sex groups, small mixed-sex
group, pairing off of couples
- small mixed-sex group, loose association of boys' & girls' same-sex
groups, pairing off of couples
30. Which of the following delays the peak of parent-child conflict?
single parenthood
school achievement
parental lack of concern
cultural encouragement of child dependency
31. Dimensions of family qualities in parent-teenager relationships include all of the following except:
social structures.
support.
control.
conflict.
32. The basic sequence in romantic attraction seems to:
vary greatly between cultures.
follow the same timeline across cultures.
not manifest itself consistently across cultures.
be biologically based, & thus consistent across cultures.
33. False & contradictory selves are _____ common at the _____ of adolescence.
less common; end
more common; end
less common; beginning
equally; beginning & end
34. Which of the following is the most accurate statement regarding identity status?
- Both diffusion & foreclosure are questioning statuses with commitment.
- The statuses are straightforward: vocational, sexual, religious, & political.
- An adolescent can be at various identity statuses simultaneously.
- The 4 statuses are: identity achievement, moratorium, diffusion,
negative identity.
35. Adolescents who have a controversial status among their friends are:
uniformly disliked
mostly liked by their peers
neither liked nor disliked by their peers
liked by some of their peers & disliked by others
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Robert C. Gates