Blessed Are the Peacemakers

Ψ  The four C's of peacemaking: 
  
     1. Contact 
         2. Cooperation 
             3. Communication 
                 4. Conciliation 
                 
Ψ  Contact  

•  Does desegregation improve racial attitudes? Sometimes. 

•  When does desegregation improve racial attitudes? When there is equal status contact.

Ψ  Cooperation:  

  •  occurs when there is a common external threat. 
   •  occurs when there is a superordinate goal. 
    •  occurs when there is a cooperative learning environment.
    
Ψ  Communication  

•  Bargain: An agreement between parties (usually arrived at after discussion) fixing obligations of each. 
Bargaining: The negotiation of the terms of a transaction or agreement.  

•  Mediation: A negotiation to resolve differences that is conducted by some impartial third-party.  

•  Arbitration: The hearing & determination of a dispute by an impartial referee agreed to by both parties.

Ψ  Conciliation

•  Two important linkage strategies deserve attention here. One is Graduated Reciprocation In 
Tension-reduction (GRIT), & the other is a Tit-For-Tat (TFT) strategy.

•  In the GRIT strategy, one of the parties in a conflict unilaterally initiates a series of cooperative moves; these are
 announced & reciprocity is invited, but the conciliatory moves are continued for an extended period, even without 
 immediate reciprocity.  
 
 • The 3 Fs of negotiation: Firm , Fair, & Friendly
 
•  In the TFT strategy one party initiates a cooperative act & then simply reciprocates the other party's actions, 
 whether a cooperative or a non-cooperative action. 
 
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                                                                                         Social Psychology
                                                                                           Robert C. Gates