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Note: These questions are part of a larger data base of questions on Module 18 & are selected to represent the type of question you should expect on unit exam five. You can, in fact, expect to see many of these very same questions on that exam. Exam questions, however, may deal with topics not covered in the self tests or in lectures but are discussed in your textbook. You are responsible for the content of your text book plus the content of lectures, interactive activities, & material on the web site.

    Use these sample questions to test yourself & to practice for the test. Click on your choice to see if you are right.

1.  Experts now believe that adolescence is not a period of

•  great psychological turmoil.
 •  searching for personal identity.
  •  considerable biological, cognitive, & social changes.
   •  dramatic positive or negative changes in self-esteem.

2.  Puberty refers to

•  conventional moral development during adolescence.
 •  the biological changes that happen during adolescence.
  •  chronically low self-esteem which occurs in adolescence.
   •  the onset of formal operational thinking in adolescence.

3.  Which of the following is not characteristic of early maturing girls?

•  more shyness
 •  more popularity
  •  rate lower on social skills
   •  try cigarettes & alcohol earlier

4.  According to the BioPsychoSocial model, sexuality

•  is purely biological.
 •  among teenagers is decreasing since more is known about AIDS.
  •  in adolescents is decreasing because of the number of messages stressing abstinence.
   •  must be discussed in the context of the cognitive, personality, & emotional changes of the adolescent.

5.  The percentage of adolescents becoming sexually active has changed from _____ in the early 1990s to ____ to the early 2000s.

•  12%; 21%
 •  45%; 52%
  •  53%; 45%
   •  72%; 90%

6.  The stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development that starts in adolescence & goes through adulthood is

•  accommodation.
 •  preconventional.
  •  postconventional.
   •  formal operations.

8.  The prefrontal cortex acts as a(n)

•  estimator of risk.
 •  executive manager.
  •  initiator of emotion.
   •  relay switch for sensory messages.

9.  A major difference between stage 1 & stage 2 of Kohlberg ‘s moral development is that stage 2 focuses on

•  reward
 •  punishment
  •  making a good deal
   •  avoiding being caught

10.  Which of the following is true of Kohlberg’s theory of moral reasoning?

•  Four distinct levels of moral reasoning are identified.
 •  The conventional level is the highest level of moral reasoning.
  •  Not all people reach the higher levels of moral development.
   •  Different people progress through the levels in different orders.

11.  Impersonal moral decisions is to memory as personal moral decisions is to

•  care.
 •  justice.
  •  emotion.
   •  retrieval.

12.  Which of the following is not among the styles of parenting?

•  congenial
 •  permissive
  •  authoritative
   •  authoritarian

13.  ______ is the rate at which information is encoded & retrieved from memory.

•  Sorting speed
 •  Reaction speed
  •  Processing speed
   •  Cognitive manipulation

14.  The self-esteem of boys is typically based upon __________; girls’ self- esteem is dependent upon _______.

•  athletic ability; a care orientation
 •  physical aspects; ability to relate well to others
  •  ability to relate to others; managing anxiety in public
   •  managing anxiety in public; ability to relate well to others

15.  According to Erikson, an adolescent individual who successfully resolves the identity versus role confusion conflict will achieve a sense of

•  intimacy.
 •  integrity.
  •  confidence.
   •  generativity.

16.  In order to achieve integrity during late adulthood, Erikson argues that one must

•  raise children.
 •  feel content about past accomplishments.
  •  find intimacy in caring relationships.
   •  continue to be industrious & refuse to retire from work.

17.  The main advantage of Erikson’s stage theory of development is that it

•  identifies transitions in life.
 •  alerts you to major crises that arise across your entire life span.
  •  offers workable advice for dealing with life’s development crises.
   •  analyzes development by placing major life developments in an indisputable order.

18.  Gender roles refer to

•  one’s biological sex.
 •  the belief that one is male or female.
  •  preference for desired traits in opposite-sex partners.
   •  behaving in expected ways because one is male or female.

19.  Robert Sternberg’s triangular theory of love divides love into which of the following three components?

•  infatuation, attraction, and arousal
 •  passion, intimacy, and commitment
  •  companionship, romance, and fidelity
   •  masculine, feminine, and androgynous

20.  Research has indicated that in marriages that fail, most couples deal with marital conflict by

•  venting their anger & frustration.
 •  confronting disagreements in an open way.
  •  being straightforward about their problems.
   •  criticism, defensiveness, contempt & stonewalling.

21.  Ed stole a bar of chocolate from a 7-11 store when he was very hungry. He doesn’t think he did anything wrong since no one noticed him stealing. Ed is probably in which of Kohlberg’s stages of moral development?

•  Preconventional level
 •  Conventional level
  •  Postconventional level
   •  Formal level

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General Psychology Robert C. Gates