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Ψ  Motivation
- Achievement -

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    Achievement: level of attainment or proficiency in relation to a standard measure of performance, or of success in bringing about a desired end.

    The need for achievement can be measured using tests such as the
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) as well as more objective paper & pencil tests.

Ψ  Three components that interact to produce a level of success:

         Need for achievement - force that drives an individual to improve, succeed, or excel in things considered both difficult and important.
 
         Fear of failure - causes the choosing of the easy path.
 
         Psychological Factors such as self-concept, self-esteem and self-confidence.

    According to David C. McClelland's research, achievement-motivated people have certain characteristics in common, including;
  • the capacity to set high ('stretching') personal but obtainable goals,
  • the concern for personal achievement rather than the rewards of success, and
  • the desire for job-relevant feedback (how well am I doing?) rather than for attitudinal feedback (how well do you like me?.

Cognitive factors in motivation:

    Intrinsic motivation - Intrinsic means innate or within; hence intrinsic motivation is the stimulation or drive stemming from within oneself. In relation to learning, one is compelled to learn by a motive to understand, originating from one's own curiosity. Intrinsic motivation is often associated with intrinsic rewards because the natural rewards of a task are the motivating forces that encourage an individual in the first place. This is the better motivator !!!!!!!
 
    Extrinsic motivation is encouragement from an outside force; behavior is performed based on the expectance of an outside reward, such as money or praise. It can be delightful when the reward is unexpected.


General Psychology
Robert C. Gates
 

NewCome, fill the Cup, and in the fire of Spring
Your Winter-garment of Repentance fling:
The Bird of Time has but a little way
To flutter---and the Bird is on the Wing.

- Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam